Inter-agency advisory on safe transportation of workers

 Inter-agency advisory on safe transportation of workers

Jointly issued by the Ministry of Manpower (MOM), Ministry of Transport (MOT), Land Transport Authority (LTA), Singapore Police Force (SPF), and Building and Construction Authority (BCA).

1. This advisory sets out practical guidance for employers and workers on new and existing legal requirements and recommended practices for the industry to enhance safety of workers on lorry transportation.

A. General requirements for lorries transporting workers in rear decks

New requirements under the Road Traffic Act

From 1 January 2023, newly registered lorries are required to be fitted with rain covers on all non-enclosed sides of the canopy, with at least one side being transparent. Requirement of rain covers will apply to in-use light lorries1 from 1 July 2023 and to in-use heavy lorries2 from 1 January 2024. Photo example can be found in below

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Existing requirements under the Road Traffic Act

All front passenger seat(s) in the lorry’s cabin must be occupied before workers can be transported in the rear deck.

Lorries must not transport an excess number of workers in the rear deck based on the minimum space requirement of 0.372m2or 4 ft2 per seated worker.

A Maximum Passenger Capacity (MPC) label with white characters on a black background must be displayed on the right side of the rear tailboard indicating the maximum number of workers that can be transported.

Any loads being transported must be properly secured, including lashing to prevent side lateral movement or when vehicle is braking, and should not pose any danger to the workers in the rear deck or other road users.

Lorries used to transport workers must be fitted with canopies and protective side railings of at least 700mm from the rear deck and at least 300mm from the top of the sideboards.

B. Requirements and recommendations for employers

New requirements for employers from 1 January 2023 under the Workplace Safety and Health Act

Employers of dual role drivers (defined as a person required or authorised by the employer of that person to drive a lorry with workers in the rear deck, where driving such a lorry is not the primary work that the person is required to perform) must:

Provide at least a 30-minute rest period for dual role drivers who have worked for at least 6 hours in their work shift immediately prior to driving workers in lorry rear decks.

Employers of lorry drivers who drive workers in the rear deck must:

Designate a person as a “vehicle buddy” to sit in the cabin beside the driver at all times while the driver is driving workers in lorry rear decks.

Brief the “vehicle buddy” of his/her role to take reasonable measures to ensure that the driver is alert and able to drive in a safe manner at all times (e.g. check that the driver is fit to drive before driving off and that driver remains alert while driving).

Existing requirements for employers under the Employment Act

Employers should not require drivers of lorries with workers in rear decks to work for more than 12 hours a day including overtime, driving or any other work activities.

Employers are not allowed to deduct salary of drivers for being behind schedule and employers should not make workers consent to such deductions.

2. To improve workers’ safety, employers should consider using other modes of transportation (e.g. buses) where possible. Where it is not practical to use alternative modes of transportation, employers should ensure the safety of workers travelling in lorries by adopting the recommended practices to ensure safety of the driver and all passengers in the lorry.

3. Employers should:

Set the right tone and culture to emphasise the importance of safety, so that workers do not feel pressured to rush;

-Ensure safe means of access and egress to and from the lorry deck;

-Avoid ferrying workers together with heavy goods/equipment;

-Avoid incentives or disincentives that may encourage drivers to rush or drive recklessly;

-Be prepared to activate a back-up driver where necessary; and

-Provide avenues for reporting unsafe driving (e.g. display hotline number to report unsafe driving).

4. Employers are encouraged to:

Reward good driving behaviors. For example, incentive bonus for clean driving history (e.g. 0 demerit point) or achieving accident-free record for a period of time;

Deploy vehicular safety technologies (VSTs)3 to improve driving safety. This can include (a) Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) to enhance the situational awareness of drivers and provide warning of collision risks, (b) Driver Status Monitoring System (DSMS) to detect driver fatigue and distraction such as mobile device usage, and (c) Driver Behavior Management System (DBMS) to monitor reckless driving behavior (e.g. harsh turning, acceleration or braking); and

Provide raincoats and rain boots to workers to protect them against inclement weather.